The State of California uses a mechanism known as "NOTS" to rehabilitate chronic violators of driving laws. The Negligent Operator Treatment System (NOTS) is based on negligent operator points and consists of a computer-generated series of warning letters and progressive sanctions against the driving privilege.
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<span> When a cell membrane becomes energized due to electron transport reactions by the electron carriers embedded in it then this results in proton motive force (PMF). This way the cell becomes a tiny battery. </span><span>
The proton motive force (PMF) is driven by </span>the difference in charge across the plasma membrane with protons outside the membrane.
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