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The Central Limit Theorem estabilishes that, for a random variable X, with mean $\mu$ and standard deviation $\sigma$ , a large sample size can be approximated to a normal distribution with mean $\mu$ and standard deviation $\frac{\sigma}{\sqrt{n}}$ .

Problems of normally distributed samples can be solved using the z-score formula.

In a set with mean $\mu$ and standard deviation $\sigma$ , the zscore of a measure X is given by:

$Z = \frac{X - \mu}{\sigma}$

The Z-score measures how many standard deviations the measure is from the mean. After finding the Z-score, we look at the z-score table and find the p-value associated with this z-score. This p-value is the probability that the value of the measure is smaller than X, that is, the percentile of X. Subtracting 1 by the pvalue, we get the probability that the value of the measure is greater than X.

In this problem, we have that:

The taxi and takeoff time for commercial jets is a random variable x with a mean of 8.3 minutes and a standard deviation of 3.3 minutes. This means that $\mu = 8.3, \sigma = 3.3$ .

(a) What is the probability that for 37 jets on a given runway, total taxi and takeoff time will be less than 320 minutes?

We are working with a sample mean of 37 jets. So we have that:

$s = \frac{3.3}{\sqrt{37}} = 0.5425$

Total time of 320 minutes for 37 jets, so

$X = \frac{320}{37} = 8.65$

This probability is the pvalue of Z when $X = 8.65$ . So

$Z = \frac{X - \mu}{\sigma}$

$Z = \frac{8.65 - 8.3}{0.5425}$

$Z = 0.65$

$Z = 0.65$ has a pvalue of 0.7422. This means that there is a 74.22% probability that for 37 jets on a given runway, total taxi and takeoff time will be less than 320 minutes.

(b) What is the probability that for 37 jets on a given runway, total taxi and takeoff time will be more than 275 minutes?

Total time of 275 minutes for 37 jets, so

$X = \frac{275}{37} = 7.43$

This probability is subtracted by the pvalue of Z when $X = 7.43$

$Z = \frac{X - \mu}{\sigma}$

$Z = \frac{7.43 - 8.3}{0.5425}$

$Z = -1.60$

$Z = -1.60$ has a pvalue of 0.0548.

There is a 1-0.0548 = 0.9452 = 94.52% probability that for 37 jets on a given runway, total taxi and takeoff time will be more than 275 minutes.

(c) What is the probability that for 37 jets on a given runway, total taxi and takeoff time will be between 275 and 320 minutes?

Total time of 320 minutes for 37 jets, so

$X = \frac{320}{37} = 8.65$

Total time of 275 minutes for 37 jets, so

$X = \frac{275}{37} = 7.43$

This probability is the pvalue of Z when $X = 8.65$ subtracted by the pvalue of Z when $X = 7.43$ .

So:

From a), we have that for $X = 8.65$ , we have $Z = 0.65$ , that has a pvalue of 0.7422.

From b), we have that for $X = 7.43$ , we have $Z = -1.60$ , that has a pvalue of 0.0548.

So there is a 0.7422 - 0.0548 = 0.6874 = 68.74% probability that for 37 jets on a given runway, total taxi and takeoff time will be between 275 and 320 minutes.

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3 years ago