Question

Labeling researchers focus on "extra legal" variables to explain differences in arrest and prosecution rates as well as entencing disparity

Answer 1

True

Labeling theory is a sociological and criminological theory stating that a strong, negative reaction from society to an individual's crime or misbehavior can drive that individual to be more deviant by affecting (negatively) his/her self concept and by preventing him/her from gaining access to conventional opportunities.

Extralegal factors are those that are not covered or regulated by law. Examples of these factors or variables include gender, age, social class, race and economic status. Consciously or not, these variables can be taken as "biases" that may affect prosecution and arrest of certain individuals.