The second law of thermodynamics states that not all of the energy is used because some of the energy is lost in the form of heat. The lost heat energy is an unusable form of energy, and it causes an increase in the entropy of the universe. Thus, no energy transfer process is efficient due to the loss of energy.
B.) ATP contains a 5-carbon sugar, three phosphate groups, and an adenine base. Energy is released when the bond between the second phosphate group and the third phosphate group is broken.
The smallest prefix is deci.