Are the sum of a company's profits, after dividendpayments, since the company's inception. They are also called earned surplus, retained capital, or accumulated earnings.
(EXAMPLE):
Let's assume Company XYZ has been around for five years. During this time, it reported the following net income:
Year 1: $10,000 Year 2: $5,000 Year 3: -$5,000 Year 4: $1,000 Year 5: -$3,000
Assuming Company XYZ paid no dividends during this time, XYZ's retained earnings equal the sum of its net profits since inception, or in this case, $8,000. In subsequent years, XYZ's retained earnings will change by the amount of each year's net income, less dividends.
The retained earnings statement summarizes changes in retained earnings for a fiscal period, and total retained earnings appear in the shareholders' equity portion of thebalance sheet. This means that every dollar of retained earnings means another dollar of shareholders' equity ornet worth.
A company's board of directors may apprompany's retained earnings when it want to restrict dividend distributions to shareholders. Appropriations are usually done at the board's discretion, although bondholders and other circumstances may contractually require the board to do so. Appropriations appear as a special account in the retained earnings section. When an appropriation is no longer needed, it is transferred back to retained earnings. Because retained earnings are not cash, a company mayfund appropriations by setting aside cash or marketable securities for the projects indicated in the appropriation.
Why its important
It is important to understand that retained earnings do not represent surplus cash or cash left over after the payment of dividends. Rather, retained earnings demonstrate what a company did with its profits.
Tax basis of share purchase is the cost of share together with any tax related to this purchase.
Mr. Slake's loss recognized on the February 13 sale is $9,240 = total cost of 1,580 share purchased in the past - total amount collected from sales of these share = $49,240 - $40,000 = $9,240
His tax basis in purchase of 1,600 shares on Mar 2 is $43,000, the total cost he paid to acquire 1,600 shares
The fact that less than half of all equity fund managers beat the market in most years indicate that the stock market is largely efficient.
According to the strong-form hypothesis of the efficient market, when there is an efficient market, all the private and public information would be reflected in the prices of the stock.
The right answer for the question that is being asked and shown above is that: "The two cities are degrees apart in latitude." <span>The latitude value of Toronto is 43.70 degrees, and the longitude value is 79.40 degrees.</span>
