The natural rate of extinction as assumed by science is about 5 species per year. Currently scientists estimate we are losing species at 1000-10000 times that rate, with multiple species disappearing every day. A note on this idea is that the average extinction rate gives an unrealistic depiction of nature when we consider the catastrophic extinction events that ended the dinosaurs and shaped the ice age.
A ) Would be the correct answer!
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Rhythm Salsa resulted from the development of a muscle cell culture technique.
<h3>How to do cell culture?</h3>
To obtain a cell culture, it is necessary to disaggregate the original tissue, which can be by mechanical force or enzymatic process. These cells are grown in an adherent layer in a single layer (monolayer) or in organoid format (3D culture) or in suspension.
With this information we can conclude that rhythm Salsa resulted from the development of a muscle cell culture technique.
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Answer:
Chromosomes were first named by cytologists viewing dividing cells through a microscope. The modern definition of a chromosome now includes the function of heredity and the chemical composition. A chromosome is a DNA molecule that carries all or part of the hereditary information of an organism. In eukaryotic cells, the DNA is packaged with proteins in the nucleus, and varies in structure and appearance at different parts of the cell cycle.
Explanation:
Cells reproduce genetically identical copies of themselves by cycles of cell growth and division. The cell cycle diagram on the left shows that a cell division cycle consists of 4 stages:
G1 is the period after cell division, and before the start of DNA replication. Cells grow and monitor their environment to determine whether they should initiate another round of cell division.
S is the period of DNA synthesis, where cells replicate their chromosomes.
G2 is the period between the end of DNA replication and the start of cell division. Cells check to make sure DNA replication has successfully completed, and make any necessary repairs.
M is the actual period of cell division, consisting of prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase, and cytokinesis.
The scientist should notice that the cancer cells have a <u>higher</u> rate of cell division and have a <u>lower</u> response to inhibiting factors. Cell groups that are cancerous should have a <u>lower</u> percent of cells in interphase than noncancerous cells.
Explanation:
The general characteristics of cancerous cells are defined by the ‘hallmarks of cancer’ like ‘enable replicative immortality, activate invasion and metastasis, resist cell death, evade growth suppressors’ etc. All these facts prove that they grow and divide at a higher rate and undergo uncontrollable mitotic cell division leading to proliferative invasion.
The cancerous cells also show low or no response to inhibiting factors like growth suppressors like p53, cyclins and other anti-tumor drugs.
The number of cancer cells in interphase is lower than noncancerous cells because interphase is a phase of cell growth, development and differentiation. Cancer cells undergo uncontrollable mitosis and more time is spent after the interphase to facilitate rapid cell division rather than growth or development.
