Answer:
The latitude is not a major factor
This is an example of psychological conditioning. When a stimulus (a flash of light) is paired with a consequence (an electric shock), the subject has a particular behaviour (pulling the finger away). After enough repetition, the subject will learn to associate the two, and the stimulus will be enough to motivate the behaviour, even when no consequence is present.
After several trials without the consequence, the subject will again dissociate the stimulus from the behaviour, and will go back to his pre-study pattern, in a process called extinction.
Answer:
Explanation:
social comparison states that individuals determine their own social and personal worth based on how they stack up against others; reflected appraisal describes a person's perception of how others see and evaluate him or her
<span>This illustrates the
crowding model / overcrowding model. This is when crowding into lower wage jobs
due to preferences or lack of alternative opportunities. This non-neoclassical
model was first established by Bergmann. According to the model, result of
the professional segregation is wage differentials between two genders. The explanations
for segregation may be socialization, individual decisions, or labor market
discrimination. Wage differentials occur when the job openings or demand for
the female-dominated sector is less than the supply of women.</span>