Answer:
Climate change not only affects ecosystems and species directly, it also interacts with other human stressors such as development. Although some stressors cause only minor impacts when acting alone, their cumulative impact may lead to dramatic ecological changes.
Explanation:
Answer:
dark reaction
Explanation:
The light reactions of photosynthesis take place in the thylakoid membrane, whereas the dark reactions are located in the chloroplast stroma.
Answer:
The cells in a population die at a constant rate
Explanation:
Microbial death is the loss of the ability of microbes to reproduce and survive in an environment. When a given microbial population is given a treatment, the microbial cells die at a constant rate. Microbial death rate is not dependent on the specie and nor on the antimicrobial agent.
Therefore, the microbial cells in a population does not die at once but die at a constant logarithmic rate; the cells decreases exponentially as nutrients decreases and waste product increases.
For example, if 500,000 microbes are treated or in a nutrient depleted environment and 50,000 microbes is left after 1 minute, by the next minute under the same condition 5,000 microbial cells will be left and this pattern will continue, this explains exponential decrease
The best answer is D.
Hormones are chemical messengers secreted mostly into blood and also extracellular fluid by specialized tissue of the endocrine system and affect the functioning of other tissues or cells.
Most hormones circulate in blood and come in contact with essentially all cells, but a particular hormone will only affect a limited number of cells, which are termed as target cells to that hormone.
A target cell responds to a particular hormone because it bears receptors for that hormone.
For example the red blood cells have receptors for the hormone called insulin which is produced by the pancreas. The red cells are able to take in glucose when their receptors bind to insulin.
Answer:
D. Cell wall
Explanation:
Cell wall is also present in prokaryotes it is made of peptidoglycan layer.
