Question

In what frequencies would you expect the offspring genotypes? indicate the frequency of each genotype by dragging the labels to the table. labels may be used once, more than once, or not at all.

Answer 1

This question is all about understanding gene mixing without evolutionary pressure, and keeping track of long, tedious calculations. 

Hardy-Weinberg says that gene frequencies do not change without some outside pressure causing them to change. This ignores random drift, but allows some calculations to be easier, and is a good approximation in most situations. 

So, if gene frequencies don't change, then shouldn't the genotypes of the offspring be the same as the genotypes of the parents? Yes, if and only if the population is in equilibrium. If the population is not, then genotypes will change over time until they reach equilibrium, but the gene frequencies themselves will remain constant. 

Why would a population not be in equilibrium? Who knows. Maybe you have lots of orange cats and your neighbor has lots of black cats, and you decide one day to let your populations interbreed. The important thing is that you are given the gene distributions in your initial population. 

Assume random breeding, then your three genotypes can breed with anyone with any of the genotypes mentioned. If you assume your population size is small, then calculation gets hard to impossible, so assume your population size is large. This allows you say that for anyone in the population, the chance of breeding with someone from any genotype is the same as the frequency of that genotype in the population.

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