Answer:
Thymidine dimers is likely to be repair as soon as it is originated but if left unrepaired then it causes frame shift mutations.
Explanation:
In case of Bacterium if UV irradiation induces covalent linkage of two thymidine present adjacently to each other or on a single strand to make thymidine dimers.
These either excised via DNA repair enzyme like Endonuclease V and the proof reading activity of DNA polymerase I enzyme help in incorporation of nucleotide by taking the unmutated original strand as a template.
These dimers if not excised before second round of replication than the sequence of newly synthesized strand will be altered. As DNA polymerase III enzyme read thymidine dimers as single thymidine nucleotide and incorporate only 1 adenine in the newly synthesizing complementary strand which results in frame shift mutations
It is the mutation in which reading frame of codons is shifted or altered due to deletion or addition of a single nucleotide.
Answer:
Examples of ecosystem services include products such as food and water, regulation of floods, soil erosion and disease outbreaks, and non-material benefits such as recreational and spiritual benefits in natural areas.
Autotrophs <span>produce their food by absorbing the sun's radiation</span>
Answer:
The Atmosphere
Explanation:
1816 was a year without summer because the billions of tons of ash that was spewed blocked radiation preventing it from reaching the surface of the earth.
A volcano is a break in the crust of planetary bodies like Earth that allows gasses, volcanic ash, and hot lava to escape. Volcanos are one of the major factors that cause climate changes on Earth mostly because of their cooling effect.
The ash, gasses and lava usually escape to the atmospheric layer of the earth with their cooling effect. And they cool the earth by blocking incoming solar radiation. This can go on for months or years depending on the components and severity of the eruption and can lead to "a year without summer" as witnessed in 1816.
