Answer:
A frameshift changes every codon past it. A base substitution only changes one codon.
Explanation:
DNA is comprised of nucleotides (A, C, T, G) that make up amino acids. Every three bases is called a codon and represents an amino acid.
In a frameshift mutation, a nucleotide is either added or deleted from the sequence. This offsets the entire sequence after it because the reading frame shifts. Here's an example:
ACTGCTATCGTCATC
If another T is added in between the first and second codons, then every codon after will be changed.
ACT>T<GCTATCGTCATC
A substitution mutation is usually less severe, as it only alters one codon in the sequence. These occur when one nucleotide is replaced by another one. Here's an example:
ACTGCTATCGTCATC
Let's say the first G is replaced by a T.
ACT>T<CTATCGTCATC
As you can see, none of the other codons changed.
Typically, a frameshift mutation is considered worse than a substitution mutation.
Answer:
NADH and FADH2 carry electrons to specialized cell membranes,where they are harvested to create ATP.Once the electrons are used, they become depleted and must be removed from the body. Oxygen is essential for this task. Used electrons bind with oxygen; this molecules eventually bind with hydrogen to form water
Explanation:
I hope it helps
The difficulty with this answer, lies in the fact that not all of land and ocean biomes have been completely explored. The ocean is vast, covering approximately 70% of the Earth's surface, with literally vertical miles or kilometers of depth, and with some areas with sparse to no biodiversity. The same can be said about certain areas of large deserts with very low levels of biodversity, void of life, like vast deserts of the Sahara or Gobi. But, the Amazon rain forest contains still unknown species of plant and animal life, just like the ocean. Because of its vastness, intellectually, I would say the ocean contains more biodiversity, but the answer is scientifically, as of now, yet to be proven one way or the other.
I think it would be the sclereids cells
