You can tell the difference because one deals with sugar and energy storage like lipids but lipids are fats or fatty acids like unsaturated and saturated fats the unsaturated fats are good for you and has the most energy source.
Think about this: a recessive trait won't show up if the other allele is wild type, so the fact that couple 3 / 4 have children that don't show the trait is the best evidence.
A+T/C+G and in RNA: a+u / c+g U=uracil
Gametes are cells used to sexual reproduction. they are haploids and that means they have just one set of chromosomes (most of the cells of our body have 2 sets). that kind of cells is produced mainly by meiotic division of the gamete's stem cell (called oogonium or spermatogonium) and that's why meiosis usually leads to the production of gametes. gametes are haploids so that they could combine (egg with sperm cell) and create the whole new organism (adult organism is almost always diploid).
