The angular structure is due to the presence of a cells wall which causes the cells to have a structure that is angular
hope that helpe
Answer:
3. Antibody-independent pathways of complement activation rely on complement components that directly bind to microbial surfaces.
Explanation:
There are three pathways of complement activation:
- The classical pathway.
- The alternative pathway.
- The lectin pathway.
The classical pathway is triggered by binding of C1 either to the pathogen surface or to antibody bound to the pathogen.
The alternative pathway is triggered by the spontaneous hydrolysis of soluble C3 to C3(H₂O) and initiates eventual deposition of C3 convertase on microbial surfaces.
The lectin pathway is triggered by the binding of mannose-binding lectin or ficolins to carbohydrate residues in microbial cell walls and capsules.
In this case, organisms in the same order are more closely related than the members of the same kingdom.
Answer:
the balance is everything must have a process of living and dying in an ecosystem. such as, an animal killing another animal for prey to eat it, that is a process. in a water ecosystem, fish lay eggs and come out and usually get eaten by a bigger animal, as they grow up, usually by bigger fish itself such as the Grayling.
Explanation:
1.) Achodroplasia is a autosomal dominant disorder, the suspected case suggested that inorder for the parents to produce and offspring with achondroplasia. One parents must have a single mutant gene of achodroplasia to be inherited by his offspring. for this case, It is suggested that the offspring might have developed its own mutant gene as it only affect 1 in 25,000 birth. There is changes of genes during early development.
2.) The mother said that they don't have that history of disorder. again, it's autosomal dominant disorder. one parents must have that kind of disorder so their child can also inherit it. Thus, no of the childs parents is a carrier.
