Answer:
Frotteurism
Explanation:
Frotteurism is a paraphilic interest in rubbing, usually one's pelvic area or erect penis, against a non-consenting person for sexual pleasure. It may involve touching any part of the body, including the genital area.
The answer is: A. Ivan Pavlov
Pavlov was the researcher who first popularized the classical conditioning (where a certain conditioned response is created by associating a certain situation with a conditioned stimulus)
Counterconditioning was developed in order to reverse or reduce the effete of classical conditioning (usually carried out by enforcing positive reinforcement to the subjects)
The problem of waste can be tackled in many ways, such as:
producing less waste (the most important way of reducing waste)
reusing the objects rather than throwing them away after one use
recycling the objects that have to be thrown away
so all the options are correct - all of the above!