Answer:
A. Botulinum toxin possesses a heavy chain and a light chain, each of which takes part in the toxicity. The binding of the protein and its invasion within a nerve cell is permitted by the heavy chain. After the entry is permitted, the light chain functions like a protease and chops proteins, which would usually permit neurotransmitters to discharge out from the cell. This is basically a commotion of exocytosis or the discharging of neurotransmitters.
The acetylcholine, that is, the obstructed neurotransmitter generally conducts a nerve impulse to a muscle, allowing the muscle to contract. By inhibiting the neurotransmitter, the botulinum toxin results in its distinctive flaccid paralysis.
B. The small doses of the sterile, purified botulinum toxin when used in a medical setting as an injectable form prevent the release of a chemical known as acetylcholine by the nerve cells, which signal contraction of the muscles. By selectively interfering with the underlying tendency of the muscles to contract, the prevailing frown lines are smoothed out, and in the majority of the cases are almost invisible for a week.
Answer:
Following are the two advantages of endoplasmic reticulum.
1) Endoplasmic reticulum is an organelle of the cell which is responsible for the production of protein for the cell. This protein is sent to the Golgi apparatus where it is modified and used by the cell where it is needed.
2) Endoplasmic reticulum also helps in the removal of toxic substances from the cell. If these toxic substances are not removed, it causes damage to the cell.
Answer:
true
Explanation:
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Introns because they are coding sequences.
Exons because they are non-coding sequences.
