Put the value of the letters with " over the original So for A we have 3 in the front and 4.5 for A" 4.5/3 = 1.5 We can check if this is actually the scale factor but using the other numbers The second numbers for A and A" are 6 and 9 6 * 1.5 = 9 So for point A it is 1.5 Use the same thing for G. That gives you 2 For B, you get 0.5 So the scale factors are 1.5, 2, and 0.5
It doesnt mean they are false it just means the person giving the study is going to favor something over something else in the study. Hes basically picking favorites.