3 over 8 plus 2 over 3 plus 1 over 3
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Since the dice are fair and the rolling are independent, each single outcome has probability 1/15. Every time we choose
We have and
, because the dice are fair.
Now we use the assumption of independence to claim that
Now, we simply have to count in how many ways we can obtain every possible outcome for the sum. Consider the attached table: we can see that we can obtain:
- 2 in a unique way (1+1)
- 3 in two possible ways (1+2, 2+1)
- 4 in three possible ways
- 5 in three possible ways
- 6 in three possible ways
- 7 in two possible ways
- 8 in a unique way
This implies that the probabilities of the outcomes of are the number of possible ways divided by 15: we can obtain 2 and 8 with probability 1/15, 3 and 7 with probability 2/15, and 4, 5 and 6 with probabilities 3/15=1/5
The value of mean, standard deviation and interval from the method of tree ring dating is 1273 AD, 37 years, [1250,1296].
According to the statement
we have to find that the standard deviation, mean and the intervals from the given data.
So, According to the given data from the method of tree ring dating
The value of mean is
x-bar = (1271 + 1208 + 1229 + 1299 + 1268 + 1316 + 1275 + 1317 + 1275) / 9 = x-bar = 1273 AD
And now we find standard deviation :
s = √∑(xi - x-bar) / (N - 1)
∑(xi - x-bar)^2 = (1271 - 1273)2 + (1208 - 1273)2 + (1229 - 1273)2 + ... + (1275 - 1273)2
∑(xi - x-bar)^2 = (-2)2 + (-65)2 + (-44)2 + ... + (2)2
∑(xi - x-bar)^2 = 4 + 4225 + 1936 + 676 + 25 + 1849 + 4 1936 + 4
∑(xi - x-bar)^2 = 10,659
Now,
s^2 = 10659/8 = 1332
s = 37 years
So, standard deviation is 37 years.
We need the t-distribution table since the standard deviation is unknown. Therefore, our degrees of freedom is 9 - 1 = 8 and the critical value is 1.860. Set up the confidence interval for the mean:
[x-bar ± t*(s/√n)] = [1273 ± 1.860*(37/√9)]
[x-bar ± t*(s/√n)] = [1250,1296]
So, The value of mean, standard deviation and interval from the method of tree ring dating is 1273 AD, 37 years, [1250,1296].
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Question:
The method of tree ring dating gave the following years A.D. for an archaeological excavation site. Assume that the population of x values has an approximately normal distribution.
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