Answer:
where the is the picture?
Answer:
Having considered how an appropriate primary immune response is mounted to pathogens in both the peripheral lymphoid system and the mucosa-associated lymphoid tissues, we now turn to immunological memory, which is a feature of both compartments. Perhaps the most important consequence of an adaptive immune response is the establishment of a state of immunological memory. Immunological memory is the ability of the immune system to respond more rapidly and effectively to pathogens that have been encountered previously, and reflects the preexistence of a clonally expanded population of antigen-specific lymphocytes. Memory responses, which are called secondary, tertiary, and so on, depending on the number of exposures to antigen, also differ qualitatively from primary responses. This is particularly clear in the case of the antibody response, where the characteristics of antibodies produced in secondary and subsequent responses are distinct from those produced in the primary response to the same antigen. Memory T-cell responses have been harder to study, but can also be distinguished from the responses of naive or effector T cells. The principal focus of this section will be the altered character of memory responses, although we will also discuss emerging explanations of how immunological memory persists after exposure to antigen. A long-standing debate about whether specific memory is maintained by distinct populations of long-lived memory cells that can persist without residual antigen, or by lymphocytes that are under perpetual stimulation by residual antigen, appears to have been settled in favor of the former hypothesis.
Answer:
Alright love, it would be - mast cells
Answer: Diagnosis: The presence of nitrites in the urine confirms the urinary tract infection.
Explanation:
Treatment: The urinary tract infection will be concerned with the antibiotic therapy to kill the bacteria producing excess nitrites. Educating K.N. about the risk factors associated with the multiple sex partners and transfer of bacteria through sexual contact.
Use of fluroquinolones and nitrofurantoin:
Fluroquinolones: This is an antibiotic which has bacteriocidal property can be useful in the treatment of urinary tract infections.
Nitrofurantoin: It is an effective antibiotic in killing bacteria it gets activated inside the bacteria.
Nitrituria is a condition in which the nitrites are present in the urine that is indicative of the presence of bacterial infection. It is caused by the <em>E. coli</em> bacteria inside the urinary tract. It is responsible for converting the nitrates into nitrites.
1.) Reduce the number of trips you take in your car.
2.) Reduce or eliminate fireplace and wood stove use.
3.) Avoid burning leaves, trash, and other materials.
4.) Avoid using gas-powered lawn and garden equipment.
