The main differences are that eukaryotes have membrane-bound organelles and the nucleus, which enables them to create much more complex multi-cellular organisms, which is impossible for the prokaryotes.
Yeah yeah so :D,
Large polar molecules can only cross the membrane with the help of protein named channel protein and carrier protein.
So, this both proteins act like a gate, the large molecules enter the protein and the protein let the large molecules in to the membrane. (see the picture so that you can understand more, its carrier protein)
the only difference between channel protein and carrier protein is, channel proteins has fixed shape while carrier protein can flip.