A synovial joint is surrounded by a two layer <em>joint capsule</em> which encloses a fluid filled space called the <em>synovial cavity</em>. The outer layer of this structure consists of <em>dense connective tissue</em> which is continuous with the periosteum of each bone. The outer layer may be reinforced by <em>ligaments</em> which are bundles of collagenous fibers. Some of these bundles are part of the capsule while other are located outside of the capsule. By definition, the structures, such as some ligaments, that are located outside the capsule are called <em>accessory structures</em>. The inner layer of the joint capsule is the <em>synovial membrane</em>, consisting of loose connective tissue. The inner lining of the joint capsule secretes a fluid called <em>synovial fluid</em>. This fluid is viscous, and moistens and lubricates the surfaces within the joint capsule
Answer:
The answer to this question is A.
Explanation:
Answer: Dominant allele codes for a functional protein. Recessive allele codes for a less functional or nonfunctional protein, or it does not code for any protein.
Explanation:
Alleles are different forms of a gene. There are two types, dominant and recessive allele. Heterozygous organisms have one of each, and the dominant allele is expressed. Homozygous organisms have either two dominant alleles or two recessive alleles.
<u>A dominant allele produces a functional protein</u>, even in the presence of a recessive allele, because only one copy of the allele is enough and it masks the effects of the recessive allele. This dominant trait is shown in individuals who are homozygous dominant or heterozygous,
<u>A recessive allele produces a less functional or nonfunctional protein, or it does not code for any protein at all.</u> A recessive allele does not become a trait unless both copies of the gene are present.
Answer: it protects against water loss, regulates gas exchange, secretes metabolic compounds, and (especially in roots) absorbs water and mineral nutrients.
Explanation:
Answer: The fight-or-flight response is most clearly associated with the release of epinephrine into the bloodstream.
Any physiological reaction occurring due to something which frightens physically or mentally is fight-or-flight response. In order to produce the fight-or-flight response the hypothalamus activation of the adrenal cortical system and sympathetic nervous system takes place. On receiving the signal from hypothalamus the sympathetic nervous system makes the actions of body speed up or gets tensed and body is in an alert condition.
The impulses are sent by the sympathetic nervous system to the smooth muscles and also glands. As a response to it epinephrine or adrenaline and the norepinephrine or noradrenaline is released by the adrenal medulla in the bloodstream. These stress hormones thus bring about changes in the body such as increase in blood pressure and heart rate.
