The cell grows to its mature size
REFRACTION IS THE BENDING OF A WAVE AS IT PASSES AT AN ANGLE FROM ONE MEDIUM TO ANOTHER. WHEN A WAVE MOVES FROM ONE MEDIUM TO ANOTHER, THE WAVE'S SPEED CHANGES. WHEN A WAVE ENTERS A NEW MEDIUM AT AN ANGLE, THE PART OF THE WAVE THAT ENTERS FIRST BEGINS TRAVELING AT A DIFFERENT SPEED FROM THE REST OF THE WAVE.
Radiometric dating depends on radiation from carbon atoms which means only carbon based things can be dated. And life is based on carbon so basically only living things can be dated.