In 1795 the Directory was created as an alternative to absolute monarchy in France and made use of the system of two houses or bicameral legislature. By 1797, royalists already held a third of the seats in both houses and it was obvious that they would win more in an upcoming election. The Directory successfully carried out a coup d'etat, deported a large majority of royalists to French Guiana but gave in to Napoleon Bonaparte’s rule two years later, in 1799.
