The Spanish king ordered officials to look into the system of forced labor and eventually abolished it. This is how military campaigns were led to creation of independent nations in South America.
<u>Explanation</u>:
The people in Latin America distrusted and feared one another after dissatisfaction with Spanish rule. Sometimes they worked together against the Spanish. But once independence was achieved, the creoles, who had led the revolts, dominated the governments.
The process of independence of the South American countries has more to do with the American Independence and the defeat of the British, as well as the French revolution and the Napoleonic wars. The culture and outlook of the people was inspired from European conquerors and immigrants. The majorities of South Americans speak Portuguese or Spanish and follow Western traditions.
The widespread revolutionary ideals ensuing from these important changes in European political board made locals settlers and non-whites question their allegiance to metropolitan authority, as well as the elite, who were tired of trade restrictions.
Answer:
During the high medieval period, the Islamic world was at its cultural peak, supplying information and ideas to Europe, via Al-Andalus, Sicily and the Crusader kingdoms in the Levant. These included Latin translations of the Greek Classics and of Arabic texts in astronomy, mathematics, science, and medicine. Translation of Arabic philosophical texts into Latin "led to the transformation of almost all philosophical disciplines in the medieval Latin world", with a particularly strong influence of Muslim philosophers being felt in natural philosophy, psychology and metaphysics.[2] Other contributions included technological and scientific innovations via the Silk Road, including Chinese inventions such as paper and gunpowder.
Ferdinand Magellan was a P<span>ortuguese explorer sponsored by Spain who tried to sail around the world.
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