Hey there!
I believe the answer is self-concept
Answer: Lenski would note that Richard’s high income but low occupational prestige demonstrates a condition of STATUS INCONSISTENCY.
Explanation: As the word inconsistency means an incompatibility between two propositions. Status inconsistency is defined as a situation whereby an individual's social position is incompatible with their social status. An example is given in the question, a janitor usually is associated with low pay. When a janitor is associated with high pay, it is termed status inconsistency. Because the social position is not compatible with the social standard.
When individuals experience status inconsistency, their likely choice of behaviiur is to claim the higher status.
Answer: Positive externality
Explanation: Positive externality is the concept in which the service produced and the consumption of that service will provide benefit a third party who is not a part of the process.
While producing fertilizer , it is providing a unintentional benefit to the community surrounding(third party) by keeping the insects away through exerting gases so that they don't cause insect bites or other problem.
Other options are incorrect because negative externalities are negative consequences face by the third party in a process. Comparative externality is related with comparison and pecuniary externality is increment or decrement in market price of service by action of economic actor .
Sociologists use the term peer or
group or people of similar age and social status, and having similar interests.
The lifelong process of social interaction in which the individual acquires a
social identity and ways of thinking, feeling, and acting that are essential
for effective participation in a society
