Answer: Gradualism (C)
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When conducting legal experiments on animals, a researcher needs to obtain consent from the INSTITUTIONAL RESEARCH BOARD.
Each research institution has research board which sees into uses of animals for research purposes, consent must be obtained from the board before experiments involving usage of animals is carried out.
Answer:
The given blank can be filled with acquisition.
Explanation:
An unconditioned stimulus provokes the unlearned response and an unconditioned response is the naturally taking place reaction. A neutral stimulus is illustrated as the stimulus that prior to conditioning do not generate any kind of response.
A type of learning wherein a subject begins to react towards neutral stimulus as it would perform with another stimulus by acquiring the path of associating the two stimuli is termed as classical conditioning.
An acquisition can be illustrated as the time of learning in classical conditioning where an individual begins to associate a neutral stimulus with an unconditioned stimulus that further permits the neutral stimulus to begin possessing the conditioned response.
Answer: B. Pathways by which matter is transferred between organisms and the environment
Explanation:
Biogeochemical cycles can be define as cycles which involves the natural pathways by which inorganic and organic matter is transferred within the living organisms and the environment.
The essential elements such as water, carbon, phosphorous, nitrogen and oxygen are transferred among the various spheres of the earth like atmosphere, biosphere, lithosphere and others which forms the integral part of the non-physical environment.