<span>These are viroids. They are some of the smallest types of matter that have been shown to take on the properties of living beings. They have the ability to replicate, while not having many of the mechanisms that are commonly found in DNA and required for them to replicate.</span>
Answer:
The cell interior would experience higher than normal Na+ concentrations and lower than normal K+ concentrations.
Explanation:
The Na/⁺K⁺ pump is an ATPase pump which is responsible for maintaining low Na⁺ and high K⁺ concentrations within the cytoplasm while maintaining high Na⁺ and low K⁺ concentrations in the extracellular fluid.
Since these two ions are moved against their concentration gradient, ATP hydrolysis is required to provide the energy for this process. This is done by moving in two K⁺ ions inside while moving three Na⁺ ions outside the cell for every molecule of ATP hydrolysed to ADP and Pi.
If a competitive non-hydrolyzable analog of ATP is applied on the cytoplasmic side of a plasma membrane that contained a large concentration of the Na/⁺K⁺ pump, it will act by inhibiting the action of the Na/⁺K⁺ pump. This will result in an accumulation of Na⁺ ions inside the cell and lower than normal K⁺ ions concentration.
Answer:B.
It was used to prove that smoking causes health problems.
Explanation:
