Answer:
The correct answer is option d. "Polyclonal antibodies".
Explanation:
The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) is very useful in comparison to other immunoassay methods for being highly accurate, sensitive and specific. Polyclonal antibodies for the detection step could be used on order to ensure that a mutation in a single surface protein would not make obsolete an ELISA used to detect a new viral pathogen. Unlike monoclonal antibodies, polyclonal antibodies are a collection of antibodies that recognize multiple epitopes of the same antigen. Therefore, a mutation in one epitope that affects the binding of one antibody would not affect the bind of the others and the ELISA will be able to recognize the pathogen.
A observation and hypothesis
Answer:
A. the changes in the characteristics within a population that lead to survival.
Explanation:
those that cannot camoflauge or find a way to survive and reproduce, will die off.
Answer:
begins even before the introduction of photography
Explanation:
cameras evolved from the camera obscura though many generations of photographic technology
In a food chain, plants are primary producers, as they produce biomass.
Answer: plants