Answer:
Before the antibiotic, the ‘good’ bacteria had colonized her intestines and formed colonies that made up her biome. These colonies out-compete other bacteria, including ‘bad’ bacteria that tried to grow in the intestines hence protecting her intestines from infection.
However, the antibiotics wiped out the established colonies of ‘good’ bacteria –destroying her biome- and gave room for recolonization of the intestines by bacteria. The secondary succession gave a chance for the ‘bad’ bacteria to also thrive and cause her massive infections.
Answer:
Lightly pigmented people tend to be at higher risk of vitamin D deficiency
Explanation:
BACKGROUND KNOWLEDGE:
Human skin is the largest organ of the body which makes boundary line between environment and internal conditions. Human skin cell produces pigment called melanin when ever it is subjected to Sun. More the melanin pigment produced more will be the skin darkens. Ultraviolet (UV) radiations also come from Sun and responsible for more pigmentation.
ANSWER EXPLANATION:
According to the question darkly pigmentation only occurs when their is high level of UV radiations. High level of UV radiations are also responsible for Vitamin D production.
People with lightly pigmented means that there environment has low level of UV radiations which are the requirement of Vitamin D production. Hence due to low UV radiations peoples with light pigmentation's are also be at higher risk of vitamin D deficiency
Hi.
Your answer would be myelin sheath.
Answer:
New cells are naive to the infectious cells who attack it or they are not well prepared to deal with the different scenarios. But, the cells who are attacked before has the set or sequence of the viral or bacterial genome strand been identified by them, which leads to more safety or protection from these foreign bodies.
Explanation:
- Mechanism To attack a host cell:
The viruses and other infectious material enters and attacks the host cell, by breaching its membrane wall and installing or leaving a gene of its own inside the cell. Which then combines with the genome of the cell and it goes through the process of replication, translation etc,along with the host cell machinery. Which then spreads the specific gene strand more in the environment
- <u>Camouflage obtained by the infectious cell to hide it self:</u>
After the genome enters the host cell at first it does not recognizes the strands or foreign cells, as they cover there body with a camouflage sort of membrane and they look more like the body cells.
- <u>Reactions by the host cell and as a whole the body:</u>
The organisms detects the genome of the infections cells or strand, as they store the data about it in its server or database. As if the next time they were under attack then precautions will be there by the host cell to deal with it.
As for the cell who are never attacked before will be less safe to deal with these foreign bodies.
