Question

Which of the following is not one of the 8th roots of unity?

Answer 1

Answer:

1+i

Step-by-step explanation:

To find the 8th roots of unity, you have to find the trigonometric form of unity.

1.  Since $z=1=1+0\cdot i,$ then

$Rez=1,\\ \\Im z=0$

and

$|z|=\sqrt{1^2+0^2}=1,\\ \\\\\cos\varphi =\dfrac{Rez}{|z|}=\dfrac{1}{1}=1,\\ \\\sin\varphi =\dfrac{Imz}{|z|}=\dfrac{0}{1}=0.$

This gives you $\varphi=0.$

Thus,

$z=1\cdot(\cos 0+i\sin 0).$

2. The 8th roots can be calculated using following formula:

$\sqrt[8]{z}=\{\sqrt[8]{|z|} (\cos\dfrac{\varphi+2\pi k}{8}+i\sin \dfrac{\varphi+2\pi k}{8}), k=0,\ 1,\dots,7\}.$

Now

at k=0,  $z_0=\sqrt[8]{1} (\cos\dfrac{0+2\pi \cdot 0}{8}+i\sin \dfrac{0+2\pi \cdot 0}{8})=1\cdot (1+0\cdot i)=1;$

at k=1,  $z_1=\sqrt[8]{1} (\cos\dfrac{0+2\pi \cdot 1}{8}+i\sin \dfrac{0+2\pi \cdot 1}{8})=1\cdot (\dfrac{\sqrt{2}}{2}+i\dfrac{\sqrt{2}}{2})=\dfrac{\sqrt{2}}{2}+i\dfrac{\sqrt{2}}{2};$

at k=2,  $z_2=\sqrt[8]{1} (\cos\dfrac{0+2\pi \cdot 2}{8}+i\sin \dfrac{0+2\pi \cdot 2}{8})=1\cdot (0+1\cdot i)=i;$

at k=3,  $z_3=\sqrt[8]{1} (\cos\dfrac{0+2\pi \cdot 3}{8}+i\sin \dfrac{0+2\pi \cdot 3}{8})=1\cdot (-\dfrac{\sqrt{2}}{2}+i\dfrac{\sqrt{2}}{2})=-\dfrac{\sqrt{2}}{2}+i\dfrac{\sqrt{2}}{2};$

at k=4,  $z_4=\sqrt[8]{1} (\cos\dfrac{0+2\pi \cdot 4}{8}+i\sin \dfrac{0+2\pi \cdot 4}{8})=1\cdot (-1+0\cdot i)=-1;$

at k=5,  $z_5=\sqrt[8]{1} (\cos\dfrac{0+2\pi \cdot 5}{8}+i\sin \dfrac{0+2\pi \cdot 5}{8})=1\cdot (-\dfrac{\sqrt{2}}{2}-i\dfrac{\sqrt{2}}{2})=-\dfrac{\sqrt{2}}{2}-i\dfrac{\sqrt{2}}{2};$

at k=6,  $z_6=\sqrt[8]{1} (\cos\dfrac{0+2\pi \cdot 6}{8}+i\sin \dfrac{0+2\pi \cdot 6}{8})=1\cdot (0-1\cdot i)=-i;$

at k=7,  $z_7=\sqrt[8]{1} (\cos\dfrac{0+2\pi \cdot 7}{8}+i\sin \dfrac{0+2\pi \cdot 7}{8})=1\cdot (\dfrac{\sqrt{2}}{2}-i\dfrac{\sqrt{2}}{2})=\dfrac{\sqrt{2}}{2}-i\dfrac{\sqrt{2}}{2};$

The 8th roots are

$\{1,\ \dfrac{\sqrt{2}}{2}+i\dfrac{\sqrt{2}}{2},\ i, -\dfrac{\sqrt{2}}{2}+i\dfrac{\sqrt{2}}{2},\ -1, -\dfrac{\sqrt{2}}{2}-i\dfrac{\sqrt{2}}{2},\ -i,\ \dfrac{\sqrt{2}}{2}-i\dfrac{\sqrt{2}}{2}\}.$

Option C is icncorrect.