I think the answer is d. The slave owners could keep the slaves working in the field by turning them in because they were jobless. It was illegal back them to be jobless. The thirteenth amendment said you could not be a slave unless you were a prisoner.
If you need more help look up thirteenth amendment
It was King Louis XIV who was the ruler of France at the outbreak of the French Revolution, since it was primarily against his economic and social policies that the revolutionaries were fighting.
1. 20th century
2. President Lyndon B. Johnson
3.a and b and d