A nucleated village<span> or </span>clustered settlement<span> is one of the main types of </span>settlement<span> pattern. It is one of the terms used by geographers and </span>landscape historians<span> to classify settlements.</span>[1]<span> It is most accurate with regard to planned settlements: its concept is one in which the houses, even most farmhouses within the entire associated area of land, such as a </span>parish<span>, cluster around a central church, which is close to the </span>village green<span>. Other focal points can be substituted depending on cultures and location, such as a commercial square, circus, crescent, a railway station, park or a sports stadium.</span>
Proponents of literature-based instruction usually focus on the importance of using authentic literature, rather than the "canned" variety found in basal textbooks and other programs. Books that are written to teach children to read tend to be boring, contrived and less vibrant than authentic literature. Authentic literature can also open doors for students by introducing them to different cultures, social structures and story lines.
Advantage: Higher Level Thinking Skills
Many teachers choose literature-based instruction because they feel that it addresses higher level thinking skills than basal level instruction. Rather than forcing children to give pat answers to basic questions about a story, literature-based instruction encourages children to think deeply and share their thoughts about a story. Reading authentic literature can improve vocabulary, reading comprehension, reading ability and language growth. In addition, literature-based instruction is much more child-centered, with the teacher as the facilitator or coach, rather than "the sage on the stage."
Disadvantage: Teacher's Perspective
From the teacher's perspective, teaching using a literature-based approach can be more difficult than using other approaches. First-time teachers may find it especially challenging, since literature-based approaches inherently have less structure than many other approaches. Teachers also may struggle with effectively assessing a child's progress. Because literature-based instruction is less widely used than other forms of instruction, teachers often spend hours choosing literature selections, as well as developing activities and evaluations that reflect the content.
Disadvantage: Scope and Sequence
Finding appropriate literature selections that address the skills that students need to learn can be challenging, and finding selections that actually build from one year to the next is virtually impossible. This means that using literature-based instruction may prevent students from building their skills in a systematic fashion, and they may miss out on some skills entirely. Especially as students advance to the next grade, they will feel a lack of continuity, which can prevent them from growing as readers, writers and thinkers.
References
Fayetteville State University: Merits of a Literature-Based Instruction Vs. the Basal Approach
Family Education: Literature-Based Reading Programs
Lesson Sense: Literature-Based Instruction
About the Author
Keren (Carrie) Perles is a freelance writer with professional experience in publishing since 2004. Perles has written, edited and developed curriculum for educational publishers. She writes online articles about various topics, mostly about education or parenting, and has been a mother, teacher and tutor for various ages. Perles holds a Bachelor of Arts in English communications from the University of Maryland, Baltimore County.
Answer:
Reduction.
Explanation:
The retired, unemployed and disabled persons should expect a smaller payment in the future as compared to current and past payment a recipients have received. According to recent Social Security Trustees' report, future recipients can expect a 21% benefit cut which experience aa reduction as compared to growth. Current new recipients experience a reduction in future payments if they live long enough at least around age 84.
Answer:
The loss of a lost one, especially one as meaningful as a husband, can be devastating and even harmful for anyone. What will make a difference on whether the person will be able to pull through, or not, are two things, two inner, two external: personal strength, given by a person´s personality qualities and belief system, and the second, the cultural and social bases that the person has, meaning, support networks, socialization, religious beliefs and family.
Given the case of Sylvia and Joanne, although both women have taken the death of their loved ones very hard, and given that we do not have any further information on them except that one has a belief system based on religion, and the other doesn´t, we can predict that Sylvia counts with two factors, mentioned above, that will help her heal much faster than Joanne, even if both women may find that relief at some point. Sylvia has the strength of inner belief boosted by religious beliefs, which provide columns on which she can lean to understand what happened, make sense of it, and thus heal. And two, she also will have access to a broader network of support, because religious groups tend to become some of the strongest networks for people.
Answer:
The ozone hole is one of the largest impacts humans have had on Antarctica. Each winter a polar vortex forms in the stratosphere over Antarctica with temperatures plummeting to as low as – 85° Celsius in the lower atmosphere.
Explanation:
