Giving a rat some food in the same half of the cage as the bar experimenters want it to press is an example of shaping.
<h3>What is
shaping?</h3>
A conditioning paradigm known as shaping is frequently used to analyze behavior in experiments. Differential reinforcement of subsequent approximations is the technique utilized. B. F. Skinner first used pigeons to demonstrate it before expanding to include dogs, dolphins, humans, and other species.
By encouraging behaviors that advance toward the desired behavior, shaping affects behavior (operant response). Organisms can be trained to behave in ways that would only sometimes if ever, happen naturally through shaping.
Methods of Shaping Behavior:
- Positive reinforcement.
- Negative reinforcement.
- Punishment.
- Extinction.
- Schedules of reinforcement.
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A manager replacing an old computers in their team is an example of supertrends
<h3>What are
supertrends?</h3>
Supertrends is a trend following indicator similar to moving averages
Increasing segmentation of the marketplace and the need to get products to market faster in light of competitors' specialized solutions are examples of supertrends currently influencing the future of business.
So when manager replaces old computers in their team, they are trying to look for specialized solution that can positively impact their business
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Answer:
(B) Methods of Taxation of Citizens
Explanation:
The constitution of a country presents a series of principles and general rules that determine the legal, political, and economic system of a country.
Methods of taxation are a very specific form of economic policy, and they are usually specified in a tax code, that follows some principles from the constitution, but that is not included in the constitution itself.
Answer:
In the 11th century the Cordoban scholar Al-Bakri traveled to the region and gave a detailed description of the kingdom