Answer:8 pounds to make 20 apple pies
a)
his income must be "x" which is the 100%, and we would know that 0.2% of that is 12.37.

b)
his income must be "x" which is the 100%, and we would know that 2% of that is 12.37.

btw he's not making much either way.
Well for THIS one you'd have to find how many miles he hikes in ONE day, so you would divide 14 by 2 to get 7 miles per day, and to find how many days he hiked in 42 miles, just divide 42 divided by 7 which equals 6, so it took him 6 days to hike 42 miles. =)
I hope I helped! =D

This is because 
And 
For this reason, 
Positive indices mean we have to multiply the same number twice or thrice based on the value of the index. On the other hand, negative indices mean we have to divide by the same number twice or thrice based on the value of the index.