Answer:
Indirect costs incurred in a manufacturing environment that cannot be traced directly to a product are treated as Product costs and expenses when the goods are sold, Option D.
Explanation:
Indirect costs are also manufacturing overheads which cannot be directly put on the product but they have to be allocated in some way. So, these are treated as 'product costs' and 'expenses' when the goods are sold. They are not period costs as per Option A and option C. Option B which says that it is product costs when incurred, which is also incorrect.
Examples of indirect costs can be accounting and legal expenses, rent, telephone expenses, salaries of administrative.
Direct costs includes the costs of direct 'labor', materials and commissions.
Answer:
Holding period return = 14.49%, Standard Deviation = 11.08 approx
Explanation:
Eco Scenario Dividend Stock Price HPR Prob Expected HPR
Boom 3 60 26 0.33 8.58
Normal 1.2 58 18.4 0.33 6.072
Recession 0.75 49 (0.5) 0.33 <u> (0.165)</u>
Expected HPR 14.49%
<u>Calculation Of Standard Deviation</u>
(A) (B) (A) - (B)
Given return Exp return d p 
60 50 3 26 14.49 11.51 0.33 43.718
58 50 1.2 18.4 14.49 3.91 0.33 5.045
49 50 0.75 (0.5) 14.49 14.99 0.33 <u> 74.15</u>
Total = 122.91
wherein, d = deviation
p = probability
Standard Deviation = 
= 
= 11.08
<u></u>
<u>Working Note</u>:
Holding period return = 
Boom = 
= 26%
Similarly, for normal = 
= 18.4%
Recession = 
= (0.5)%
figure in bracket indicates negative return
It's called a <u>holographic will</u>.
Answer:
The answer is A. resources are shared by more than one product or service.
Explanation:
Indirect cost are costs that are not directly related or traced to any product or activity. They are shared or used by more than one activities. Examples include, Adminstrative expenses, advertising expenses, telephone expenses, rent, office expenses etc.
Like direct cost, indirect cost can be fixed or variable.
Indirect costs are used by business as a whole and not just limited to a particular product.
Option B is not correct. Cost that are directly traced or related to a product is known as direct material. For example, direct labour and direct material used to produce a particular good.
Option C and D are also wrong
