In his 1788 essay "Federalist No. 51," James Madison defends the idea of a separation of the national government's powers through a system of checks and balances.
Madison argues that the executive, legislative and judicial branches of government will only function at the best of their ability if they are independent from one another. Yet if abuses or conflicts occur between them, they should be able to keep one another in check. This is the idea behind this famous quote from the essay: "ambition must be made to counteract ambition."
It is b to make decisions that maximize benefits
Implicit in the concept of a constitution is the idea of a “higher law” that takes precedence over all other laws. Every political community, and thus every state, has a constitution, at least insofar as it operates its important institutions according to some fundamental body of rules.
Answer:
It illustrates INSTRUMENTATION as a threat to the internal validity of the experiment.
Answer:
Option C, Game theory, is the right answer.
Explanation:
The “ Game Theory” is the correct answer because the game theory includes the interaction or takes into consideration of the interaction between the candidates of game theory in order to make profitable decisions. Moreover, in game theory when both the candidate equally benefits or equally loss then the situation is termed as Nash equilibrium. In addition to this, if the player (candidates) always gets greater utility then this is termed as the dominant strategy.
