Answer:
(1) Mecca to Constantinople is one such route in spread of Islam.
(2) Mecca to India is second trade route .
(3) Mecca to Alexandria is the third trade route
(4) Mecca to Aden is the fourth trade route.
These 4 trade routes came very handy in spread of Islam.
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During the fifteenth-century, Europeans weren't just out to search for a sea route to Asia, they had to search for one since the Ottoman Turks controlled the Silk Road, which was the main land route from Europe through the Middle East to Asia. Europeans had began to demand valuable goods such as silk and spices that could only be found in Asia since it has been quite useful to their daily living. Of course, in turn, European merchants had manufactured goods to sell in Asia for those valuable goods such as silk and spices, but when the land route wasn't available and safe anymore, they had to search for sea routes.
The four South Asian countries that include territory in the Himalayan Mountain Range are:
India; the territory that includes the Himalayas is in the northernmost part of the country.
Pakistan; the territory that includes the Himalayas is in the northeastern part of the country.
Nepal; the country is lying on the Himalayas, and in here it is the highest peak of all, Mount Everest.
Bhutan; this small landlocked country, like Nepal, is totally lying on the Himalayas.
To combat the creation of NATO, the USSR (AKA Russia and multiple other nations) banded together with its communist counterparts and signed a pact in Warsaw, hence the alliance's name, "Warsaw Pact."