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Plessy v. Ferguson was notable because the constitutionality of racial segregation was effectively created. It stopped constitutional challenges to racial segregation for more than half a century as a guiding legal precedent, before the U.S. eventually reversed it. The Brown Supreme Court.
The American Civil War lasted from 1861 to 1865. The bloodiest war in United States history put North against South and tore the country apart. There were many causes for the conflict. Slavery was the major reason. The northern states, or Union, wanted African Americans to have their freedom. The southern states, or Confederacy, supported slavery. When it was all over, the North won and slavery came to an end.
Next came a period known as Reconstruction. Reconstruction lasted from 1865 to 1877. During that time, many new laws were put to the test. African Americans were given the right to vote. In 1875, the Civil Rights Act was passed. It said that all races of people would receive equal treatment, including on public transportation and in public spaces. But this was not the case in reality. Many southern states continued to oppose these new laws.
In 1883, the Supreme Court further explained the Civil Rights Act. The Court said the law did not extend to private businesses. This allowed many individuals to push back on African American rights. A phrase known as “separate but equal” became popular in southern states. Racism and segregation was alive and well.
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