To answer the question above, I let x be the number of calendars sold. You may use any other letter as this is just for representation. The total income generated in selling calendars is calculated by multiplying the number of calendars with the price. That is,
total income = 5x
If we let total income be y, our equation is further simplified into,
y = 5x
37.
13 - 7 = 6
Her Mom Uses 6
38.
9 + 8 = 17
Andrew Had 17 Muffins
Rate is closer to a constant pattern , example: I'm walking at a rate of 2 miles an hour.
Ratio is related to the proportion of two or more objects, example: The ratio for a perfect tang juice is 1 packet of tang dust thingy for 1.5 liters of water.
Hope it helps :)