The sugar and phosphate portion of the nucleotides are found as segments of the rails on the DNA twisted ladder.
Answer:
Anaphase II.
Explanation:
Cell division may be defied as the phenomena by which the cell multiply and increases its number under the influence of cell cycle checkpoints. Two main type of cell division are meiosis and mitosis.
The meiosis result in the formation of four haploid cells from the single parent diploid cell. The Anaphase II of meiosis leads to the disjoin of the sister chromatids and the separation of chromatids. This is similar to the anaphase of mitosis.
Thus, the correct answer is anaphase II.
Some examples of skills used in science include Observation and Measurement. Observational Skills and Measurement Skills.
In human gene therapy, a genetically modified virus (a.k.a. a viral vector) can alter the genetic variation of a cell, but not all viral vectors do.
The process often begins with the delivery of or creation of a segment of viral double stranded DNA (containing the gene you want to introduce). Then typically an enzyme known as an integrase cuts the ends of the segment of viral DNA and also cuts open the cell's DNA. Then the viral DNA is integrated/ inserted into the cell's DNA. The connecting ends are ligated together and adjusted so that the nucleotide base pairs match up.
This in the future may affect the gene pool for instance if the viral DNA (your gene) was inserted in the middle of another gene or important regulatory sequence of the cell DNA, and this alteration may be passed on into offspring and become present in the gene pool, which could have bad effects.
The effects on the gene pool really depends on what the virus ends up doing. For example, it may fix the function of a damaged gene which is the goal, and allow for a working gene to be in the gene pool, which would be good. The problem with gene therapy is that it's difficult to predict 100% what the virus will do every time it is given to a patient.
But it's very important to consider that it will only affect the gene pool if the virus is able to enter and alter germ cells (reproductive cells). If the virus, enters somatic cells (regular body cells) this will not be passed on to future generations. So viruses can be designed to avoid germ cells and avoid this gene pool issue. Also, some viral vectors use viruses that do not integrate their DNA, the cells just express the viral DNA (create the desired protein from it) and over time the viral DNA is degraded/ lost which wouldn't pose this threat.
This is long, but I hope it helped!
Answer:
option 1
Explanation:
In assemblying the nucleosome, this reaction occurs in two main steps. the H3 and H4 are recruited first to the DNA in pairs forming the H3/H4 tetramer; meaning two of H3 and two of H4. This gives rise to the nucleosome precursor. Then after this, the dimers of both H2A/H2B are recruited to this precursor, to give rise to the octamer structure around which the DNA is wrapped.
