Biotic factors include plants, animals, fungi, algae, and bacteria so the only answer would be invasive species
A is your answer. When only one parent produces the offspring, they are essentially cloning themselves, and it is called asexual reproduction. The offspring only have the genes of the one parent. A lack of genetic diversity is one of the drawbacks to asexual reproduction.
It's has an important role in the survival and adaptability of a species. When a species habitat changes, the population needs to be able to adapt to survive: the ability of the population to adapt to the changing environment will determine their ability to cope with an environment challenge.
