Answer:
What determines the amino acid sequence of a protein is the sequence of nitrogenous bases in DNA.
Explanation:
We know that proteins, substances essential for the functioning of the body, are a set of amino acids that are linked together by peptide bonds. The amino acid sequence of a protein will be determined by the arrangement of nitrogenous bases in an mRNA. This, in turn, will be produced from a DNA molecule. We can say, therefore, that DNA provides the information for the production of proteins.
The genetic code can be defined as the relationship between the cracks (codons) found in the mRNA and the amino acids found in a protein. Codons are cracks formed by nitrogenous bases (A, U, C and G).
The four nitrogenous bases can have 64 different combinations, therefore, there are 64 different codons. Of these codons, 61 will encode the 20 different types of existing amino acids. The other three codons (UAA, UAG and UGA) will be responsible for indicating the places where the synthesis ends, and are also called stop codons. They do not encode any amino acids and are not read by tRNA, but by proteins called release factors.
