For example, pH can have an effect of the state of ionization of acidic or basic amino acids. Acidic amino acids have carboxyl functional groups in their side chains. Basic amino acids have amine functional groups in their side chains. If the state of ionization of amino acids in a protein is altered then the ionic bonds that help to determine the 3-D shape of the protein can be altered. This can lead to altered protein recognition or an enzyme might become inactive.
Changes in pH may not only affect the shape of an enzyme but it may also change the shape or charge properties of the substrate so that either the substrate connot bind to the active site or it cannot undergo catalysis.
In geneal enzyme have a pH optimum. However the optimum is not the same for each enzyme.
Some viruses can slowly eat away at the body and it’s blood cells.
Roots and leaves
The major driving force of water uptake in a large tree is transpiration.Transpiration is the process by which plants absorb water through the roots and release it as water vapor through the pores in their leaves. Once this water evaporates, a negative water vapor pressure is created or develops in the surrounding cells of the leaf. when this happens, water is pulled into the leaf from the vascular system, the xylem, to replace the water that has been transpired from the leaf.This pulling of water, or tension, that occurs in the leaf, will extend through the rest of the xylem column of the tree right into the xylem of the roots as result of the cohesive force holding the water molecules along the sides of the xylem tubing.The xylem is a continuous water column extending from the roots to the leaves.<span>Finally, the negative water pressure that occurs even to the roots will result in an increase of water uptake from the soil.</span>
Answer:
Damage to the heart muscle
