The basis in a future contract is defined as the difference between the spot price of the asset in the cash market and the price of the same assets future contract.
A short hedge is an investment strategy that is used to protect hedge, against the risk of future decline in asset price or basically to hedge against potential losses by selling at a determined rate. This means that when one is in possession of a commodity and in order to protect against a decline, in the market, you sell (go short) the future contract , while long hedge is when you anticipate a need for the underlying commodity in the future. It means that to protect against an increase in the market price, you buy (go long) the future contract. Then when you are ready to buy the commodity, any increase in the market price is offset by your gain on the future contract.
The above means that where an asset and a contract are liquidated before due dates , there would be basis risk hence both the future and spot price need not move in lockstep before delivery date. This means that a decrease in the basis will benefit the short hedger and hurt the long hedger.
High inflation is costly, but they disagree about the costs of moderate inflation.
Explanation:
Inflation can be defined as the persistence rise in the price of goods and services. Inflation leads to a decline in the value of money this means that individuals may no longer to buy enough thing with the same amount of money which is previously enough to buy the things needed. The rise in the price of goods will equally mean inability to purchase the normal quantity of goods.
The main causes of inflation are demand pull and cost push. Demand pull occurs when manufacturers increase their prices due to the increase in demand for their products. Cost push occurs when manufacturers increase the prices of their products because the costs have also increased.