Hypothesis is an explanation of an observable phenomenon. Hypothesis is falsifiable and testable. A hypothesis is tested independently by different scientists. When different experiments lead to the same conclusion a hypothesis reaches in the scientific community. However, if new data emerges that proves the hypothesis as incorrect then the hypothesis is rejected.
Biologist and astronomer both use tools that magnify so they are able to view minute objects. Astronomers use telescopes while biologists use microscopes.
They both require data science due to the enormous data they are collecting that needs to be analyzed. Astronomers are collecting data on millions of stars and galaxies. Biologists require data science to analyze the enormous genomic data from populations.
Both fields involve making new discoveries due to the enormity of the scale in their scopes. Biologists and astronomy attempt to find new planets and those that could harbor extra-terrestrial life while biology attempts to find new undiscovered species of organisms on earth.