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3 years ago

State the definition of the partial molar Gibbs energy.

Chemistry

1 answer:

balu736 [363]3 years ago

4 0

Explanation :

As we know that the Gibbs free energy is not only function of temperature and pressure but also amount of each substance in the system.

$G=G(T,P,n_1,n_2)$

where,

$n_1\text{ and }n_2$ is the amount of component 1 and 2 in the system.

Partial molar Gibbs free energy : The partial derivative of Gibbs free energy with respect to amount of component (i) of a mixture when other variable $(T,P,n_j)$ are kept constant are known as partial molar Gibbs free energy of $i^{th}$ component.

For a substance in a mixture, the chemical potential $(\mu)$ is defined as the partial molar Gibbs free energy.

The expression will be:

$\bar{G_i}=\mu_i=\frac{\partial G}{\partial n_i}_{(T,P,n_j)}$

where,

T = temperature

P = pressure

$n_i\text{ and }n_j$ is the amount of component 'i' and 'j' in the system.

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A houseplant is placed on a window sill that gets direct, bright sunlight

Molodets [167]

Answer:

D. Phototropism

Explanation:

Plants, like every other living organism, responds to external stimulus. In this question, the stimulus is LIGHT from the sun entering through the window sill. The plant is responding positively to the light stimuli by growing towards the direction where the light is coming from. This exhibit is called PHOTOTROPISM.

Phototropism, comes from two words viz photo- meaning light and tropism- meaning movement. Hence, phototropism is the growth of an organism (plant in this case) in response to a light stimulus. The case described in this question is POSITIVE PHOTOTROPISM because the growth occurs towards the light source.

7 0

3 years ago

What is the empirical formula of an oxide of nitrogen containing 63.61% by mass of nitrogen and 36.69% by mass of oxygen?

katen-ka-za [31]

Answer:

D. N₂O

Explanation:

Let's assume we have 100 g of the compound. That means it consists of 63.61 grams of nitrogen and 36.69 grams of oxygen.

Converting masses to moles:

63.61 g N × (1 mol N / 14.01 g N) = 4.540 mol N

36.69 g O × (1 mol O / 16.00 g O) = 2.293 mol O

Normalize by dividing by the smallest:

4.540 / 2.293 = 1.980 mol N

2.293 / 2.293 = 1.000 mol O

So there is approximately twice as many N atoms as O atoms. The empirical formula is therefore N₂O.

8 0

3 years ago

Which of these statements describes this mathematical equation?

salantis [7]

Answer:

The final pressure of a gas is inversely proportional to the volume change and directly proportional to temperature

Explanation:

Given

$\frac{P_1V_1}{T_1} = k$

Required

Interpret

$\frac{P_1V_1}{T_1} = k$

Multiply both sides by T1

$T_1 * \frac{P_1V_1}{T_1} = k * T_1$

$P_1V_1 = kT_1$

Divide both sides by V1

$\frac{P_1V_1}{V_1} = \frac{kT_1}{V_1}$

$P_1 = \frac{kT_1}{V_1}$

This can be rewritten as:

$P_1 = k\frac{T_1}{V_1}$

In the above expression; k is a constant of proportionality.

So, the equation can be written as variation as follows:

$P_1\ \alpha\ \ \frac{T_1}{V_1}$

To interpret:

<em>P varies directly to T (the numerator) and inversely to V (the denominator).</em>

3 0

3 years ago

Write a method that could be used to produce pure crystals of copper chloride from copper oxide and hydrochloric acid.

joja [24]

- Describe how you would make the salt from the reactants.

CuO + 2 HCl → CuCl₂ + H₂O

- Describe how you would purify the salt from the reaction mixture.

Filter the solution and let the product crystallize.

Explanation:

The reaction between copper oxide (CuO) and hydrochloric acid (HCl) will produce copper chloride (CuCl₂) and water:

CuO + 2 HCl → CuCl₂ + H₂O

-Describe how you would make the salt from the reactants

In a beaker which contain cooper oxide add the hydrochloric acid. To avoid working with concentrated hydrochloric acid, the acid may be diluted with water but make sure the add the stoechiometric amount (and a little bit of excess) in respect with the copper oxide.

-Describe how you would purify the salt from the reaction mixture.

Let the reaction proceed and then filter the solution to remove the unreacted cooper oxide.

Let the filtered solution, which contain copper chloride, water and unreacted hydrochloric acid, to stand undisturbed for several days. You may see the crystals growing from the solution. To speed up the process you may reduce the temperature.

Learn more about:

purifying compounds

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3 0

4 years ago

A proton travels at a speed of 2.0 × 106 meters/second. Its velocity is at right angles with a magnetic field of strength 5.5 ×

Finger [1]

So here we are given that the the velocity of the proton ( V ) is 2.0 × $10^6$ meters / second, with a magnetic field of strength 5.5 × $10^{-3}$ tesla. If they each form a right angle, they are hence perpendicular to one another, such that ....

F = q( V × B ),

F = q v B( sin ∅ ),

F = q v B( sin( 90 ) )

.... they form the following formula. Let's go through each of the variables in our formula here -

{ F = Magnetic Force ( which has to be calculated ), q = charge of proton (has charge of 1.602 × $10^{19}$ coulombs ), B = magnetic field }

All we have to do now is plug and chug,

F = ( 1.602 × $10^{19}$ )( 2.0 × $10^6$ )( 5.5 × $10^{-3}$ ) = ( About ) 1.8 × $10^{-15}$ Newtons

6 0

4 years ago