<span>All mammals have at least one X chromosome. Female mammals have two X chromosomes, so each of her eggs has a single X chromosome. Male mammals have XY chromosomes, meaning they can generate sperm containing the X chromosome, or sperm containing the Y. If the egg receives sperm containing the X chromosome, then the resulting individual forms ovaries, and is female.</span>
1. Mouth/Nose
2. Pharynx
3. Trachea
4. Bronchi
5. Bronchiole
6. Alveoli
Study hard.
Answer:
b. the bond between the phosphate groups is broken to release energy
Explanation:
- Phosphate groups are negatively charged => there is a pull between the two groups
=> it's easy to break this bond & ATP is unstable
=> ATP has a lot of free energy
- breaking the bond between phosphate groups makes the molecules more stable (aka contains less free energy)
=> delta G <0
=> breaking this bond releases energy
- the energy released by ATP is then used to transport large molecules against the concentration gradient
The correct answer is option A, that is, jaw or jawless fishes.
Agnatha refers to the superclass of jawless fish in the phylum Chordata, subphylum Vertebrata, comprising of both the extinct (conodonts and ostracoderms) and present (cyclostomes) species. It comprises the group of all vertebrates with jaws, that is, gnathostomes.
On the other hand, there are two categories of living fish with jaws. The Osteichthyes (the bony fish) and the Chondrichthyes (the cartilaginous fish). Both the categories of fish comprises of two pairs of lateral fins and a finned tail for impulsion in water.
