<em>Examples of a nonspecific external response to infectious agents and harmful bacteria are the following;</em>
Mucus, saliva, and tears.
They are nonspecific external responses that help to prevent pathogens from entering our bodies.
The specifics contain types of enzymes that break down the bacterial cell walls. An external response of Mucus tends to trap pathogens as well.
• Homologous structures: Both Ostriches have wings similar in form to those of their ancestors, but that do not allow the birds to fly.
Homologous structures are those that have structural similarities but are different in function. For example, if we look at the anatomical structure of a bird’s wing, it is very similar in structure with a human arm. However, over the course of time they have evolved to perform different functions.
• Vestigial structures: The inner ear bones of mammals have evolved from bones that form the jaws of reptiles.
Vestigiality refers to the process in which some structure lose their function over the course of evolution in some specie but they are functionally normal in other species. Such a structure is the inner ear bones of mammals which donot perform an important function in mammals but do perform in reptiles.
• DNA sequence data: Both Genes involved in RNA replication are conserved among bacteria and animals, suggesting a common evolutionary origin.
The sequencing of genetic data is an excellent method of finding the evolutionary histories and relatedness of different organisms. This field of sciences is called phylogenetics and the mentioned example is the result of phylogenetics.
• Analogous structures: The jointed legs of insects and vertebrates arose independently, indicating a different evolutionary origin.
Analogous structures are those that have similar function but they look very different in structure or anatomy. This is because they have been evolved from different ancestors and perform different functions. One example of these structures is mentioned, The jointed legs of insects and vertebrates that look different bur perform same function.
What was the investigation? But from my best guess I'm assuming it's the second option. This may be incorrect.
See that river on the bottom? That water has been flowing in the canyon for a long time and has slowly been chipping away at the rocks to give what you see today.
B. erosion from the water
Answer:
Clam.
Explanation:
Arthrophoda is largest phylum of the non-chordata. They are the segmented animals with jointed appendages. Their body is covered by exoskeleton and contains spiracles and body surface for respiration.
Insect, spider, crab and scorpion all are included in the phylum arthropoda. Clam is a bivalve shell that is included in the phylum mollusc. The body of clam is covered with an outer shell and their shells are connected by the abductor muscle. Hence, they are involved in phylum arthropoda.
Thus, the correct answer is option (b).
