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Alika [10]
3 years ago
8

What is the sequence of defense for fighting off pathogens

Biology
2 answers:
LenKa [72]3 years ago
8 0
When a pathogen comes in contact with your body, it has to breach the first line of defense to get inside. Your skin and mucus membranes are the main barrier here. Mucus traps the pathogens, and then is forced out of your body when you cough or blow your nose. Your skin also secretes chemicals that have antiviral properties, killing viruses on contact. If the pathogens get through that defense, the next line is non-specific immunity cells that patrol your tissues engulfing pathogens. There are other cells that do this, like macrophages, but the dendritic cells are most important for activating the third line of defense in your body.

Dendritic cells reside in your tissues, waiting for an invader to arrive. When they do find one, they engulf it and digest it. After they do this, they select pieces of the invader called antigens and put them on their surfaces. The dendritic cells migrate back to lymph nodes, key locations in your body filled with immune cells. There, they show the antigens, called antigen presentation, to two types of lymphocytes, T-cells and B-cells, activating them for a full immune response.
dimaraw [331]3 years ago
6 0

A. Tears --> Fever --> Antibodies

Explanation: Google-I mean I know best for yall hehe....I searched it up on google. Oop.

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Which macromolecule forms a double layer as the primary structure of cell membranes?
OlgaM077 [116]
Answer;
Phospholipid.

Phospholipid forms a double layer as the primary structure of cell membranes.

Explanation; 
Cell membranes contains of lipids (phospholipids and cholesterol), proteins and carbohydrates groups that are attached to some of the lipids and proteins. 
Phospholipids are composed of a polar head and non-polar (hydrophobic) tail. They line up such that the heads and the tail groups are side by side to form a single layer due to the interactions between the head groups and the tail groups. Two of these layers line up with the hydrophobic tail groups facing each other to prevent the hydrophobic groups away from the polar head groups of other phospholipids and from the water in the surrounding environment. 
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3 years ago
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A culture medium on which only gram-positive organisms grow and a yellow halo surrounds staphylococcus aureus colonies is called
ELEN [110]
I believe the most appropriate is a selective medium and differential medium. Selective medium types are formulated to support the growth of one group of organism, but inhibit the growth of another. Blood agar is a differential medium that distinguishes bacterial species by their ability to break down the red blood cells included in the media. Blood agar is often used to distinguish between the different species of pathogenic streptococcus bacteria.
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3 years ago
Please help! No plagiarizing please! 6th grade work! Easy and 100 points!! Compare the parts of a cell and the cell as a whole t
larisa [96]

Hello, I did this project in seventh grade, and I still have my notebook from it! Here's the answer I wrote:

<u>A cell is like a restaurant.</u>

The cell membrane controls what goes in and out of the cell. It is like a door because it get things in and out of the cell, much like a door gets people in and out of a restaurant.

The chloroplast makes food for the cell by photosynthesis. It is like the chef because it makes and provides food for the cell, much like a chef makes food for the customers.

The nucleus controls the activities of the cell. It is like the kitchen becuase it holds information in the cell, and the kitchen holds all of the recipes.

The endoplasmic reticulum transports materials around the cell. It is like a waiter because it transports things around the cell, like a waiter transports food around the restaurant.

The mitochondria give the cell energy by breaking down food. It is like a customer becuase it breaks down food and provides energy to the cell, much like how customers eat food that the chef makes and then pay for it, so the business does well.

The cytoplasm holds the organelles and is where chemical reactions take place. It is like the building because it holds all the organelles in the cell, and the building holds all of the restaurant activity.

The vacuole stores food, water, and waste. It is like the refrigerator because both store water and food.

The Golgi bodies pack, fold, and deliver proteins. They are like the take-out boxes in a restaurant because they hold proteins, and take-out boxes pack and hold food.

I really hopes this helps!

5 0
3 years ago
Read 2 more answers
Pacific nw tree octopus where does it live
ella [17]

The correct answer is - temperate rainforests of the Olympic Peninsula.

The Pacific northwest tree octopus is a fictional animal, thus it does not exist in the present, nor there is any proof that such a creature existed in the past, though there's every chance that it can evolve in the future.

According to the description of this fictional octopus species, unlike the octopuses we know, it is actually amphibious. This basically means that this octopus is able to live in the water, but also be terrestrial. It has developed from the octopuses in the East Pacific, and it started mostly to live on land, or rather on trees. It has used its eight tentacles in order to be able to have a perfect tool and easy arboreal life, swinging from one branch to another, being able to cover longer distances very easily, and manage to hunt with relative ease.

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What is one way private citizens can help conserve natural resources?
Zinaida [17]

Answer:

By reducing their use of energy, water, and waste services

6 0
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