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Alika [10]
3 years ago
8

What is the sequence of defense for fighting off pathogens

Biology
2 answers:
LenKa [72]3 years ago
8 0
When a pathogen comes in contact with your body, it has to breach the first line of defense to get inside. Your skin and mucus membranes are the main barrier here. Mucus traps the pathogens, and then is forced out of your body when you cough or blow your nose. Your skin also secretes chemicals that have antiviral properties, killing viruses on contact. If the pathogens get through that defense, the next line is non-specific immunity cells that patrol your tissues engulfing pathogens. There are other cells that do this, like macrophages, but the dendritic cells are most important for activating the third line of defense in your body.

Dendritic cells reside in your tissues, waiting for an invader to arrive. When they do find one, they engulf it and digest it. After they do this, they select pieces of the invader called antigens and put them on their surfaces. The dendritic cells migrate back to lymph nodes, key locations in your body filled with immune cells. There, they show the antigens, called antigen presentation, to two types of lymphocytes, T-cells and B-cells, activating them for a full immune response.
dimaraw [331]3 years ago
6 0

A. Tears --> Fever --> Antibodies

Explanation: Google-I mean I know best for yall hehe....I searched it up on google. Oop.

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The TCA cycle can be used for the complete oxidation of organic carbon in respiring organisms. This is obvious by observing that
Tom [10]

Answer:

The TCA cycle can be used for the complete oxidation of organic carbon in respiring organisms. This is obvious by observing that one full "turn" of the cycle releases molecules of <u>NADH.</u>

Explanation:

The second energy-rich molecule of cellular metabolism is NADH, it is the oxidized form of NAD+. The assessment of the energy that is released and stored during glycolysis contains the two NADH molecules that are formed in the catalysis of glyceraldehyde-3-P. The conversion of pyruvate in the six molecules into the final product of CO2 during the end of the TCA cycle causes eight other NADH molecules to be produced inside the mitochondria.

8 0
4 years ago
The spermatic cord contains the: a. ​vas deferens. b. ​seminal vesicles. c. ​prostate gland. d. ​Cowper's glands.
77julia77 [94]

Answer:  a. ​vas deferens

Explanation:

The spermatic cord refers to the cord or tube which is supplied with the collection of the nerves, ducts and vessels that run to the testes or from the testes. These are surrounded by the fascia.

The spermatic cord contains the testicular artery, plexus veins and vas deferens. The other structures of the cord includes the cremasteric artery, sympathetic nerves and lymphatic supply from the epididymis and testis.

7 0
3 years ago
Based on the classification system, which subgroup would you find at the bottom
Stells [14]

Phylum is at the bottom

4 0
3 years ago
Read 2 more answers
Use the drop-down menus to complete each statement about Steven Businger's work with volcanoes in Hawaii.
sammy [17]

1. Vog

The term vog comes from combining the words volcano and smog. The word itself is created to associate with pollution, as it is a natural pollution of the atmosphere. The vog represents the sulfur dioxide and the other gases and particles that the volcanoes release into the atmosphere when they erupt. These gases and particles further react with the moisture in the atmosphere and the oxygen while exposed to sunlight. This process causes a large natural pollution of the air in the area influenced by the volcanic activity.

2. Model

Steven Businger is a scientists that has devoted big portion of his career in examining the volcanoes and their activities. Most of his research has been on the Hawaii Islands and the volcanoes on them. With his vast experience and knowledge of the volcanic activities and their products, Businger managed to create a model that predicts how the smoke from the volcanoes spreads. This model has been very helpful as it can be used for warning the population on time, as well as using it for avoiding accidents, especially in the air traffic.

3. Sulfur dioxide

One of the gasses that is in largest quantities in the smoke produced by the volcanic eruptions is the sulfur dioxide. This gas is a natural polluter of the atmosphere, so once big amount of it is propelled into the atmosphere, it manages to have big effect over the area that is affected. It is a gas that is very harmful for the living organisms, thus for the human health as well. It is mostly damaging the respiratory system, managing to cause lot of damage that can easily be fatal if the amount of sulfur dioxide is high.

8 0
3 years ago
Read 2 more answers
which arrangement of atoms represents a group which is characteristic of organic acids... I need explanation of why answer in re
frez [133]
You had the right idea about the other option, generally if something is organic it has some sort of atom of carbon within the molecular compound so that limits between the two answers.

The compound is COOH meaning it is a CO² + H (Carbon dioxide + hydrogen)

It becomes an acid because the Hydrogen is a negatively charged ion and makes the compound acidic when bonded to the O

This is a type of acid that also occurs is amino acids, the building blocks of life.
5 0
3 years ago
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