Answer:
Actin accounts for the fact that in the protein content of a cell it always represents a high percentage and its sequence is very conserved, that is, it has changed very little throughout evolution.2 3 For both reasons it can be said That its structure has been optimized. Two peculiar characteristics can be highlighted on this: it is an enzyme that hydrolyzes ATP, the "universal currency of energy" of biological processes, doing so very slowly. But at the same time it needs that molecule to maintain its structural integrity. It acquires its effective form in an almost dedicated folding process. It is also the one that establishes more interactions with other proteins of how many are found, which allows it to perform the most varied functions that reach almost all aspects of cell life. Myosin is an example of a protein that binds actin. Another example is viline, which can interweave actin into bundles or cut actin filaments, affect the concentration of calcium cation in its environment.4
Forming microfilaments in a dynamic process provides a scaffolding that gives the cell a way to quickly remodel in response to its environment or body signals, for example, improves the cell surface for absorption or adhesion supports cells to form tissues. Other enzymes, organelles such as cilia, can be anchored on this scaffold, directing the deformation of the external cell membrane that allows cell ingestion or cytokinesis. It can also produce movement, either by itself or by molecular motors. Thus contributing to processes such as intracellular transport of vesicles and organelles and muscle contraction, or cell migration, important in embryonic development, wound repair or cancer invasiveness. The evolutionary origin of this protein can be traced in prokaryotic cells, where equivalents exist. Finally it is important in the control of gene expression.
A good number of diseases are based on genetic alterations in alleles of the genes that govern the production of actin or its associated proteins, being also essential in the process of infection of some pathogenic microorganisms. Mutations in the different actin genes present in humans cause myopathies, variations in cardiac size and function and deafness. The components of the cytoskeleton are also related to the pathogenicity of intracellular bacteria and viruses, especially in processes related to the evasion of the immune system response
Answer:
The correct answer will be-
1. Sperm Cell: 28 chromosomes
2. Egg Cell: 28 chromosomes
3. Daughter Cell from Mitosis : 56 chromosomes
4. Daughter Cell from Meiosis II : 28 chromosomes
Explanation:
A cell can divide by two cell division methods: mitosis and meiosis.
Mitosis is a type of cell division which divides the parent cell into two daughter cell with an equal number of chromosomes or same genetic material.
This type of method is usually observed in the somatic cells of the organisms. Meiosis is a type of cell division which divides the cell into four cells with a reduced number of chromosomes to half the number.
In the given question, since the cell contains 56 chromosomes, therefore, after mitosis which is equational division will produce daughter cell with the same number of chromosomes that is 56 chromosomes.
After meiosis, the chromosome number will be reduced to half that is cell formed will contain 28 chromosomes. Since the gametes are formed as a result of the meiosis, therefore, each gamete that is sperm cell and egg cell will have 28 chromosomes each.
Darwin was offfered a position as a naturalist on the HMS Beagle, one of the Britsh Royal Navy's survey ship.
Answer:
Referring to the attached figure, there are two alleles V and v for height. The reason for using capital and small letters is to indicate the dominant or recessive nature of the allele.
<u>Explanation:</u>
Dominant (V):
An allele that is dominant means only one copy of that allele is enough for the expression of trait. For example, if V is for tall height, an individual with genotype Vv or VV both will have tall height because they have the allele of tall height that is dominant in nature.
Recessie(v):
An allele that is recessive nature means two copies of that allele are mandatory for the expression of trait. For example, if v is for short height, an individual with genotype vv will have short height because they have two copies of same alleles that are recessive in nature. However if the genotype is Vv, still the individual will have tall height because capital letter is masking the effect of small letter (v allele). This is because of recessive nature of allele.
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