I believe it is c they were ruled by emperors
Ancient Greeks and Roman historians recorded that during the siege of Syracuse in 212 BC, Archimedes constructed a burning glass to set the enemy Roman warships on fire. They call this contraption the death ray.
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In this milestone decision, the Supreme Court ruled that separating children in public schools on the basis of race was unconstitutional. It signaled the end of legalized racial segregation in the schools of the United States, overruling the "separate but equal" principle set forth in the 1896 Plessy v. Ferguson case.